Inscriptions of Israel/Palestine

Title	ID	Language(s)	Date	Transcription	Translation
Negev, Fourth century BCE. Ostrakon. Receipt.	idum0665	Aramaic, Hebrew	Between 399 BCE and 300 BCE	רהנו חבי	Rahnu:a jar.
Negev, June 30, 363 BCE. Ostrakon. Receipt.	idum0666	Aramaic, Hebrew	363 BCE	היתי זבדאדה בריבנאל ושברו מן חמרחטירא ב לסיוןשנת חגי וב	Zabdadah son ofYabneel, and Sabru/Šabru brought from the wine ofHatira, on the 26th of Sivan,year 42. Haggai and .b...[…].
Negev, Fourth century BCE. Ostrakon. Receipt.	idum0667	Aramaic, Hebrew	Between 399 BCE and 300 BCE	זבדאדה משחק ר עלידנתנבעל ב לטבת שנת	Zabdadah: oil,q(abs), 4, q(uarters), 3, by the hand ofNatanbaal. On the 21st ofTebeth, year …[?]
Negev, December 11, 317 BCE. Ostrakon. Receipt.	idum0668	Hebrew, Aramaic	317 BCE	ב לכסלו שנת פלפס מלכא זבדאדה ברקוסעדר מן רכשת גרפאשכרן עליד חלפן	On the 12th of Kislev, year 7 (of)Philip the king, Zabdadah son ofQosadar/ider from the horse-ranch of Gar(a)pa:b(arley), kors, 3, by the hand of Hal(a)fan.
Negev, Fourth century BCE. Ostrakon. Receipt.	idum0669	Aramaic, Hebrew	Between 399 BCE and 300 BCE	היתי זבדאדה לזבדיפחלץ	Zabdadah brought to Zabdibale, 1.
Negev, December 16, 356 BCE. Ostrakon. Receipt.	idum0670	Aramaic, Hebrew	356 BCE	ב לכסלו שנת זידי נשף ס ק קמח ס ק	On the 5th of Kislev, year 3,Zaydi: semolina, s(eah), 1; q(abs), 2;flour, s(eahs), 2; q(abs), 4.
Negev, September 20, 317 BCE. Ostrakon. Receipt.	idum0671	Aramaic, Hebrew	317 BCE	זידי בר נעוםמשח ק ף רבען ב לאלול	Zaydi son of Naum:oil, q(abs), 4; quarters, 3.On the 18th of Elul.
Negev, September 20, 317 BCE. Ostrakon. Receipt.	idum0672	Aramaic, Hebrew	317 BCE	ב למרחשון שנת זידי בר נעום משח ס ק ר עליד חלפן	On the 27th of [Marcheshvan], year 7,Zaydi son of Naum: oil, s(eahs), 10, q(ab), 1, q(uarters), 2,by the hand of Hal(a)fan.
Negev, May 10, 358 BCE. Ostrakon. Receipt.	idum0673	Aramaic, Hebrew	358 BCE	ב לניסן שנת חורן לקוסעני דמיטחונא כסף ש יון מ חגי לקוסעני ש מ ף	On the 29th of Nisan, year 1,Hauran to Qosani from the price ofthe grinding: silver, sh(eqels), 2 Ionian; m(aahs), 2;Haggai to Qosani: sh(eqels), 2; m(aahs), 2 (and a) h(alf).
Negev, Fourth century BCE. Ostrakon. Receipt.	idum0674	Aramaic, Hebrew	Between 399 BCE and 300 BCE	ב לאלול עליד שמריחגי וחלפן אקן מובלןקוסרם וקוסשמע ותבן פחלצן יתה	On the 27th of Elul, by the hand of Sim[ri],Haggai and Hal(a)fan: wood, loads, [2];Qosr(i)m and Qossama and .[…]:chaff, bales, 2. yth[…]
Negev, Fourth century BCE. Ostrakon. Receipt.	idum0675	Hebrew, Aramaic	Between 399 BCE and 300 BCE	חגי לקוסענימשתלן	Haggai to Qosani:bundles, 4.(hooked triangle)
Negev, June 10, 349 BCE. Ostrakon. Receipt.	idum0676	Aramaic, Hebrew	349 BCE	ב לסיון שנת נתינו לזבדי עליםמשיזבא שס ק	On the 11th of Sivan, year 10,Nutaynu to Zabdi servantof Mesez(a)ba: b(arley), s(eahs), 22, q(abs), 2.
Negev, June 19, 336 BCE. Ostrakon. Receipt.	idum0677	Hebrew, Aramaic	336 BCE	ב לסיון שנת נתינו שס ק עליד צביחוויתיעו	On the 13th of Sivan, year 2,Nutaynu: b(arley), s(eahs), 24; q(abs), 3,by the hand of Subayhuand Yuthayu.
Negev, July 14 - August 12, 315 BCE. Ostrakon. Receipt.	idum0678	Aramaic, Hebrew	315 BCE	ב לתמוז שנת אתגנסנתינו בר קינאל חעליד חני לשחלן	[On the x (day)] of Tammuz, year 3 Antigo[nus],[Nu]taynu son of Qaynil: w(heat) […][b]y the hand of Hanni l[shln]
Negev, Fourth century BCE. Ostrakon. Receipt.	idum0679	Aramaic, Hebrew	Between 399 BCE and 300 BCE	ב לתמוז נתינובר חזירא שס עליד זבדאל	On the 26th of Tammuz, Nutaynu[son of] Hazira: b(arley), s(eahs), 20,by the hand of Zabdiel.
Negev, Fourth century BCE. Ostrakon. Receipt.	idum0680	Hebrew, Aramaic	Between 399 BCE and 300 BCE	נתינו למרצעתשק	Nutaynu to Marsaat:b(arley), q(ab), 1.
Negev, Fourth century BCE. Ostrakon. Receipt.	idum0681	Hebrew, Aramaic	Between 399 BCE and 300 BCE	מקבל נתינו מן תע כסף ש דר	Nutaynu receives from [Yu]th[ay]u[…]silver, sh(ekels), 13[…]. 3 [?]
Negev, December 28, 349 BCE. Ostrakon. Receipt.	idum0682	Hebrew, Aramaic	349 BCE	ב לטבת שנת קוסמלך לבני עלבעלמשח סאן ארבע קבןתלתה	On the 5th of Tebeth, year 10Qosmalak of the sons of Al(i)baal:oil, seahs, 4; qabs3
Negev, 360 - 359 BCE. Ostrakon. Receipt.	idum0683	Aramaic, Hebrew	Between 360 BCE and 359 BCE	ב לשנת לקוסעני בר שמתו ראשס	On the 14th of [y (month)],year 45 [PN]to Qosani son of Sami[tu: resh]s(eahs), 8.(archaic alef)
Iethira, Mid 7th Century CE to Mid 8th Century CE. Mosaic. Dedicatory.	ieth0001	Greek	Between 631 CE and 725 CE	+ Ἐτελειώθιτὸ πᾶν ἔργοντοῦτο μηνὶΜαρτὶου ἰνδικτιῶνοςζʹ ἔτους τῆςπὸλεως φκζʹ ὑπὲρ σωτηρίας καὶ ἀντιλήμψεως Θωμᾶ ἁγιωτάτουἡγουμένου φιλωχρίστου χιρὶ ἐμοῦΖαχαρίου Ἰσὲ ἐργολάβου δούλου θεοῦ.	All the work was completed in the month of March, indiction 6, in the year of the city 527, for the salvation and succour of the most holy and Christ-loving hegumen Thomas, by myself, Zacharias (son) of Jesse, contractor (and) servant of God.
Iethira, Mid 6th Century CE to Mid 7th Century CE. Mosaic. Dedicatory.	ieth0002	Greek	Between 588 CE and 682 CE	+ Ἐπὶ τοῦ θεοσεβεστάτου ἸωάννουΖαχαρίου διακόνου καὶ ἡγουμένου ἐγένετο τὸ πᾶν ἔργον τοῦψηφίου καὶ ὄλή ἡ φιλοκάλιος τοῦναοῦ ἐν μηνὶ Μαἵῳ ἰνδικτιῶνος θʹἔτους τῆς πόλεως υπγʹ.	In the time of the most God-fearing deacon and hegumen John (son) of Zacharias, all the work of the mosaic was done and the whole adornment of the church, in the month of May, indiction 9, year 483 of the city.
Iethira, Late 6th Century CE to Late 7th Century CE. Mosaic. Dedicatory.	ieth0003	Greek	Between 588 CE and 682 CE	+ Ἐπὶ τοῦ ἁγιωτάτου Θεωδόρου ἐπισκόπουκαὶ Ϲαβίου πρεσβυτέρου ἐγένετο τὸ πᾶν ἔργον τῆς ψηφώσεως ἐκ σπουδῆς Ἀβεσοβουκαὶ Ἰωάνου καὶ Ἰερεμίου ἰνδικτιῶνος ιδʹ.	In the time of the most holy bishop Theodoros and Sabinios(?) the priest, all of the work on the mosaic was done at the haste of Abesobo, John and Jeremiah, indiction 14.
Horvat 'Erav, 445 CE. Mosaic. Building dedication.	irab0001	Greek	445 CE	Ἐπὶ τοῦ ἁγιοτάτου ἐπισκόπου Ἰρηνέου κεαὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ χοροεπισκόπουχωρεπισκόπου Θωμᾶ κὲ Ἀχιλλίουκαὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ εὐλαβεστάτου περιοδευτοῦ Ἰωαννίου τῆς κώμης ἐτηλιώθεἐτελιώθη ἡ ψήφωσις τῆς + ἁγίας ἐκλησίας τοῦ οφʹ ἔτους μηνὶ Λῴου. Βαρώχις διάκονος ἐλεημοσύνην βάλλει τὸ ‹, Συμεὼν διάκονος νόμισμα αʹ, Ἄψων διάκονος νόμισμα αʹ, Δίφεος διάκονος νόμισμα αʹ, Γαείων διάκονος νόμισμα αʹ, Μακεδόνις διάκονος νομίσματος το ‹, Μεγιστανὸς, νόμισμα αʹ, Καειοῦμος νομισμα αʹ. Ζηνόδωρος Ζηνοδώρου ἐλεημοσύνην βάλλει τὸ ‹, ἔτι ἐχωμισεἐκόμισε ἐλεημοσύνης βαλλάντιον ‹, Γαείων Μορσέου νομίσματος τὸδʹ	Under the most holy bishop Ireneus and under the country bishop(s) Thomas and Achillios, and under the most pious visitor of the village Ioannios the mosaic pavement of the holy church was completed in the year 570, in the month of Loos. Deacon Barochi(o)s gave alms of 1⁄2 (solidus), Deacon Symeon 1 solidus, Deacon Apson 1 solidus, Deacon Dipheos 1 solidus, Deacon Gaion 1 solidus, Deacon Macedonius 1⁄2 solidus, Megistianos 1 solidus, Kaiumos 1 solidus. Zenodorus (son) of Zenodorus gave alms of 1⁄2 (solidus), again he brought a purse of alms of 1⁄2 (solidus); Gaion (son) of Morseos 1⁄4 of solidus.
Horvat Karkara, fifth century CE. Mosaic.	irab0002	Greek	Between 400 CE and 499 CE	Καὶ ἀνύξετή μοι πύλας δικεοσύνης· ἔργoν Εὐθυμίου δὶς κὲ Ἰωάνου ψηφοθετῶν.	And open to me the gates of righteousness. Work of Euthymius and Ioannes, mosaic workers.
Horvat Karkara, circa 478 CE. Mosaic.	irab0003	Greek	Between 478 CE and 500 CE	κύριε μνήστηθει τῆς δούλης σοῦ Σωσάννα.	O Lord, remember your servant Sosann(a).
Irbid, 535 CE. Mosaic. Dedicatory.	irbd0001	Greek	535 CE	+ Θείᾳ χάριτι ἐπὶ τοῦ ὁσιωτάτου Ἰωάαννου ἀρχιεπισκόπου σπουδῇ Κυριακοῦ θεοσεβεστάτου πρεσβυτέρου καὶ παραμοναρίου ἐψηφώθη ὁ ναὸς οὗτος μηνὶ Ἀρτεμησίου α᾿ χρονοῖς ιγ᾿ τοῦ υλ᾿ ἔτους Ἠλὶας στρατηγὸς	By divine grace, under the most pious archbishop John, by the zeal of the pious priest and paramonarios Kyriakos, this church was paved with mosaics, on the 1st of the month Artemisios, in the time of the 13th indiction, in the year 430; Elias, Strat-.
Irbid, 324-638 CE. Mosaic. Dedicatory	irbd0002	Greek	Between 324 CE and 638 CE	Δανιήλ	Daniel
Judaea. Isawiyya. Date unknown. Ornamented ossuary in a loculus tomb. Funerary.	isaw0001	Hebrew	Unknown	יהוחנן	Yehohanan
Judaea. Isawiyya. Date unknown. Ossuary in a loculus tomb.	isaw0002	Hebrew, Aramaic	Unknown	שלום ברת יהיחנן	Shalom, daughter of Yehohanan
Isfiya, Mid-5th to early 6th century CE. Mosaic. Dedicatory.	isfi0001	Hebrew, Aramaic	Between 425 CE and 550 CE	וברוכה חליפו אתתה דברבי דכיר לטב כל מן דפסק ויהב פסקתה תהי להוה ברכתה דכיר לטב. דכיר לטב יושיה דיהב	...and blessed be Ḥalifo, the wife of Rabbi …. Let every one who promised and gave his (or her) donation be of good memory. Blessed be that one …. Be of good memory. Be of good memory Josiah who gave ….
Isfiya, 5-6 c. CE. Mosiac. Prayer.	isfi0002	Hebrew	Between 401 CE and 600 CE	שליום עלישראל	(May) peace be on Israel!
el-Ishaqija, 3-4th century CE. Column base. Dedicatory.	isha0001	Aramaic, Hebrew	Between 200 CE and 400 CE	יודן בר צרדה עבד הדין עמודה על ידי בר ידקיר	Judan son of Sarda had this pillar made by Bar Jadqir.
Jabaliya, 530 CE. Mosaic. Dedicatory.	jaba0001	Greek	530 CE	ἐπὶ τοῦ θεωφιλιστάτου καὶ ἁγιωτάτου ἐπισκόπου ἡμον Μαρκιανοῦ, ϙφ᾿ ἔτους ΦΕ	Under our most god-loving and most holy bishop Marcianus, year 590.
Jabaliya, 25 July-23 Aug 732 CE. Mosaic. Dedicatory.	jaba0002	Greek	732 CE	+ ἐγένετο τὸ πᾶν ἔργον τῆς χαμωψηφόσεος ταύτης ἑπὶ Σεργίου τοῦ ἁγιωτάτου ἡμῶν ἐπισκόπου Ἄζης καὶ Στεφάνου Θωμᾶ περιοδευτοῦ καὶ ἡμουμένου ἐν μὴνι Λῴου τοῦ βϙψ᾿ ἔτους, ἰνδικτιῶνος ιε᾿	The whole work of this mosaic on the floor was completed under our most holy bishop of Gaza, Sergius, and under Stephanus son of Thomas, periodeutes and abbot, in the month of Loos, year 792, indiction 15.
Jaffa, 4th-6th century CE. Tombstone. Funerary.	jaff0001	Greek	Between 301 CE and 600 CE	Ἡζικια υἱῷἸσα φροντιστὶ Ἀλεξάνδριας	(Grave/tomb belonging to) Hezekiah, son of Isa, phrontistes of Alexandria.
Jaffa, 4th-6th century CE. Tombstone. Funerary.	jaff0002	Greek	Between 301 CE and 600 CE	Ἀμμη	Amme.
Jaffa, 4th-6th century CE. Tombstone. Funerary.	jaff0003	Greek	Between 301 CE and 600 CE	ΕἰζικιαΛευει	Hezekiah, (son) of Levi.
Jaffa, 4th-6th century CE. Tombstone. Funerary.	jaff0004	Greek	Between 301 CE and 600 CE	Θαυμα κὲ Ἀνανιας	Thauma? and Hananiah?
Jaffa, 4th-6th century CE. Tombstone. Funerary.	jaff0005	Greek	Between 301 CE and 600 CE	δα Ἀντιοχ ου οη	...Antioch?...
Jaffa, 4th-6th century CE. Tombstone. Funerary.	jaff0006	Greek	Between 301 CE and 600 CE	ΣαμωηςἈββομαρης Ἠσσης υἱοὶ Ἀββωνεςοἱ Τασεληας	Samoes, Abbomares, Esses, sons of Abbones, the Taseleas.
Jaffa, 4th-6th century CE. Tombstone. Funerary.	jaff0007	Greek	Between 301 CE and 600 CE	Ἀθζαν Ϲύμωνος	(Grave/tomb) of the Hazzan? Simon.
Jaffa, 4th-6th century CE. Tombstone. Funerary.	jaff0008		Between 301 CE and 600 CE	Ζοείλοςυἱὸς Λευι καῖ ἡἡ καὶ μήτηρ Νόννα	Zoilos, son of Levi and the mother Nonna.
Jaffa, 4th-6th century CE. Tombstone. Funerary.	jaff0009	Greek	Between 301 CE and 600 CE	Μνῆμα Ἰουδα Ζαχαι ψιμιθη	Memorial of Judah, (son of?) Zachai, from Psimithe?
Jaffa, 4th-6th century CE. Tombstone. Funerary.	jaff0010	Greek	Between 301 CE and 600 CE	Ἐνθάδε κῖτε Ἰουδας υἱὸς ἸοσηΤαρσεύς	Here lies Judah, son of Iose, from Tarsus.
Jaffa, 4th-6th century CE. Tombstone. Funerary.	jaff0011	Greek	Between 301 CE and 600 CE	ἸουδαςΠαρηγορίου	Judah, (son) of Paregorios.
Jaffa, 4th-6th century CE. Tombstone. Funerary.	jaff0012	Hebrew, Greek	Between 301 CE and 600 CE	Θήκη Ἰωση κὲ Δανιηλου שלום	Grave/tomb of Iose and Daniel. Peace.
Jaffa, 4th-6th century CE. Tombstone. Funerary.	jaff0013	Hebrew, Greek	Between 301 CE and 600 CE	ΜνῆμαΚυρίλλουκαὶ ἈλεξάνδρουἈλεξανδρέων שלום	Memorial of Cyrillos and Alexandros from Alexandria. Peace.
Jaffa, 4th-6th century CE. Tombstone. Funerary.	jaff0014	Greek	Between 301 CE and 600 CE	Μεκη ἀρτοκόπου	(Grave/tomb) of Meke, baker.
Jaffa, 4th-6th century CE. Tombstone. Funerary.	jaff0015	Greek	Between 301 CE and 600 CE	Βιζζου Ῥεβκα γuνὴῬουφῖνουπρεσβευτοῦ	(Tomb) of Bizzos; Rebekah wife of Rufinus, ambassador?
Jaffa, 4th-6th century CE. Tombstone. Funerary.	jaff0016	Greek, Hebrew	Between 301 CE and 600 CE	Ϲαμουηλ Γάλλου βηρεβι שלום	Samuel, (son) of Gallus, Berebi. Peace.

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