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Location

NAZA0002

Nazareth, 27 BCE-100 CE. Slab. Imperial Edict.

Transcription

Διάταγµα Καίσαρος Ἀρέσκει µοι τάφους τύνβους τε, οἵτινες εἰς θρησκείαν προγόνων ἐποίησαν ἣ τέκνων ἣ οἰκείων τούτους µένειν ἀµετακίνητους τὸν αἰῶνα· ἐὰν δέ τις ἐπιδείξη τίνα ἣ καταλελυκότα ἣ ἀλλῳ τινὶ τρόπῳ τοὺς κεκηδευµένους ἐξερριφότα ἣ εἰς ἑτέρους τόπους δώλῳ πονηρῷ µετατεθεικόταν ἐπ᾿ ἀδικίᾳ τῇ τῶν κεκηδευµένων ἣ κατόχους ἣ λίθους µετατεθεικότα, κατὰ τοῦ τοιούτου κριτήριον ἐγὼ κελεύω γενέσθαι καθάπερ περὶ θεῶν εἰς τὰς τῶν ἀνθρώπων θρησείας. Πολύ γὰρ µᾶλλον δεήσει τοὺς κεκηδευµένους τειµᾶν· καθόλου µηδενὶ ἐξέστω µετακεινήσαι· εἰ δὲ μή, τοῦτον ἐγὼ κεφαλῆς κατάκριτον ὀνόµατι τυµβωρυχίας θέλω γενέσθαι.

Translation

Edict of Caesar. It is my pleasure that graves and tombs which anyone has prepared as a pious service for forebears, children, or members of his household are to remain forever unmolested. But if any person shows that another either has destroyed them, or in any other way has cast forth the persons buried there, or with malicious deception has transferred the bodies elsewhere to the dishonor of the dead, or has removed the inscribed or other stones, I command an action to be instituted against such person, protecting the pious services of men, just as if they were concerned with the gods. For it shall be by far more proper to do honor to the dead. No one whatsoever shall be permitted to remove them. If anyone does so, however, it is my will that he shall suffer capital punishment on the charge of desecration of graves.

Diplomatic

[no diplomatic]

Terminus post quem:
Terminus ante quem:
Notes
The alleged provenance of Nazareth is doubtful. A recent analysis by Kyle Harper and others determined that the store originated on the island of Kos, though it is certainly conceivable that it was imported to Galilee. Given its concern of desecration of graves, it is easy to imagine the original owner invented the Nazareth provenenance to increase its value.

Languages

Greek

Dimensions

H: 60 cm; W: 37.5 cm; D: —

Date

27 BCE to 100 CE

Current location

Département des Monnaies, Médailles et Antiques of the Bibliothèque nationale de France

Figures

No figures described.

Bibliography

Source of diplomatic

No bibliography available for diplomatic transcription.

Source of transcription

  • Tsalamouni, Ekaterini. “The Nazareth Inscription: A Controversial Piece of Palestinian Epigraphy (1930-1999).” ΤΕΚΜΗΡΙΑ 6 (2001): 70–122.
    Zotero

Source of translation

  • Harper, Kyle, Michael McCormick, Matthew Hamilton, Chantal Peiffert, Raymond Michels, and Michael Engel. “Establishing the Provenance of the Nazareth Inscription: Using Stable Isotopes to Resolve a Historic Controversy and Trace Ancient Marble Production.” Journal of Archaeological Science 30 (2020): 102228.
    Zotero
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The project can be cited as:

Satlow, Michael L., ed. 2002 - . “Inscriptions of Israel/Palestine.” Brown University. https://doi.org/10.26300/PZ1D-ST89

This inscription can be cited as:

"Inscriptions of Israel/Palestine," NAZA0002, 13 August 2026. https:doi.org/10.26300/pz1d-st89